In each case the taxiing aircraft penetrated the runway safety area (hold position) AND.

Above scenarios are all classified as runway incursions, but with different severity codes.

Severity Categories Animated Illustration 9 A B C D Significant potential for collision Barely avoid collision Ample time and distance to avoid collision Little or no risk of collision

Severity Categories A B Runway Incursion Severity Categories C D RUNWAY INCURSION FAA Order 7210.58 Any occurrence at an airport involving an aircraft, vehicle, person, or object on the ground that creates a collision hazard or results in a loss of separation with an aircraft taking off, intending to takeoff, landing, or intending to land. Linate Airport, Milan, Italy OctoCitation strayed onto runway during MD-80’s takeoff roll Day/IFR Visibility - Restricted Fog 114 Passengers & Crew 114 Fatalities Taipei’s Chang Kai Shek International Airport, OctoNight/IFR Weather - Heavy Rain Visibility - 600 meters Typhoon in area 179 Passengers & Crew 83 Fatalities Aircraft impacted equipment on closed runway during takeoff

Los Rodeos Airport Tenerife, Canary Islands, MaDay/IFR Weather - Light Rain Visibility - Restricted Fog & Low Clouds 583Passengers & Crew Anatomy of a Runway Incursion Or What Went Wrong?

Runway animations for genesis 8